Dick and Carey’s instructional design model
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Explain Dick and Carey’s instructional design model:
A set of processes called "instructional design" is used to create training and instruction curricula in a reliable and consistent manner. Dick and care’s model of instructional design is also one of the instructional materials for teaching and training. It is also called as the system approach model. The Dick and Carey Model was first presented by Walter Dick and Lou Carey in their 1978 book ‘The Systematic Design of Instruction’. Dick and Carey's systems method assists curriculum developers in creating curricula through a sequence of nine processes that all contribute to a specific educational aim. The Dick and Carey systems approach takes into account elements including the instructor, learners, materials, instructional activities, delivery system, and the learning and performance environment. And these nine stages are organized into three phases: analysis, design, and development, each step contribute to the development of effective instructional materials that align with specific learning objective and meet the needs of the learners. The nine stages of the model are as follows:
Phase 1: Analysis
1.
Identify
instructional goals: In this stage, the instructional
designer identifies the overall goal of the instruction. Need analysis of the
student and consulting with the subject expertise is necessary before developing
goal and objective.
2. Conduct instructional analysis: A series of procedure known as an instructional analysis help in deciding which knowledge and abilities should be covered in education. Learner characteristic include background and learning preferences are identified via instructional analysis. In this stage, the instructional designer identifies the skills, knowledge, and attitudes that learners need to acquire in order to achieve the instructional goals. This helps in understanding the characteristic and needs of the learners, identifying the prerequisites for learning, and determining the most effective instructional strategies.
3. Analyze learners and contexts: In this stage, the instructional designer gathers information about the learners and the contexts in which they will be learning. The instructional analysis if followed by an examination of the learners and circumstances. Things like skills, prior topic and context knowledge, learning preference, academic motivation, education levels, and ability level should be taken into account when studying the learners and situation.
Phase 2: Design
4. Write performance objectives In this stage, the instructional designer writes clear, specific, and measurable objectives that describe what the learners will be able to do after completing the instruction. The finding of the instructional analysis and the learner’s entrance skills analysis are used to construct performance targets. Conditions, behavior and criteria should be included in the three main section of a performance.
5. Develop assessment instruments: In this stage, the instructional designer creates assessment instruments that will measure whether or not the learners have achieved the objectives. What assessment methods are used to evaluate the learner’s performance are the main concerns at this stage? For assessing how well students have performed on tasks like quizzes, tests, project or exercises, assessment tools are developed.
6.
Develop
instructional strategy: The sixth
stage involves the development of instructruction strategies based on
performance objective and assessment instruments. The
instructional designer determines the most effective instructional strategies
to achieve the objectives.
Phase 3: Development
7.
Develop
instructional materials: In this
stage, the instructional designer creates the instructional materials, such as
lesson plans, handouts, and multimedia presentations, activity guides, problem
scenario, resource list.
8.
Implement
instruction: In this stage, the instructional
designer delivers the instruction to the learners. Formative evaluation is one
of the better ways to implement instruction.
9.
Evaluate
instruction: In this stage, the instructional
designer assesses the effectiveness of the instruction and based on the
feedback obtained from formative evaluation the instruction materials are revised
as needed. This stage involves making necessary change as needed.
Reference:
1. Instructional Design Using the Dick and Carey Systems.pdf (nou.edu.np)
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Dick and Carey model of instructional design is more effective for teaching and learning.
ReplyDeleteBest model that can guide instructional materials for teaching and training.
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